Ukuxhathisa oomatshini beWelding kwiMveliso yoShishino

I-Haifei iyila kwaye yenza oomatshini bokuwelda bemizi-mvelisoindawo, uqikelelo, i-seam kunye ne-capacitor discharge welding. Izixhobo zethu zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-sheet-amalungu entsimbi, amandongomane, ii-studs, iitheminali, amatanki, imibhobho kunye namanye amacandelo entsimbi.
Umatshini ochanekileyo ukhethwe ngokwe-workpiece-kungekhona nje ngomthamo we-transformer. Izinto eziphathekayo, ubukhulu, iingubo, ifom edibeneyo, ukufikelela kwe-electrode, umgangatho we-weld kunye nemveliso yemveliso kufuneka iqwalaselwe phambi kokuba umatshini, i-electrodes kunye nezixhobo ziqinisekisiwe.
I-Haifei ibonelela ngezixhobo zokuwelda-zodwa, izixhobo ezizinikezeleyo, izixhobo ezininzi{1}}zeendawo ezininzi kunye neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo ezinenxalenye yokutya, ukubekwa, ukuwelda, ukuhlolwa kunye nokothula.
Sithumelele umzobo wakho womzobo, imathiriyeli, ubukhulu kunye neemfuno zemveliso. Siza kuvavanya inkqubo ye-welding kwaye sincome ukucwangciswa komatshini ofanelekileyo.
Usenokuba ukhangela
-
I-Capacitor Discharge Spot Welder yeThathu-IiNdlela zeCat...Intshayelelo yeMveliso Le Capacitor Discharge Spot Welder for Three{0}Way Catalytic Converters yenzelwe ukuwelda kunye nentelekelelo yewelding izicelo ekuveliseni inkqubo yokukhupha iimoto....ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
Inverter Spot Welding MachineI-Haifei's Inverter spot welding machine HFDB{1}}100 sisixhobo esikrelekrele esiyilelwe{2}}ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye{4}}nozinzo oluphezulu. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwephesha obukwinqanaba...ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
AC Spot Welding MachineI-HF - 25 AC Spot Welding Machine (100KVA) sisisombululo sokumelana ne-welding ye-industry - eyenzelwe umsebenzi onzima{5} wokwenziwa kwentsimbi. Isebenzisa -imveliso yamandla aphuma rhoqo kwi-AC...ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
Umatshini wokuWelding we-Dual-wentloko ye-Energy Spot SpotUmatshini wokuWelding we-Dual-wentloko ye-Energy Spot Spot sisisombululo somgangatho weshishini-enzelwe abavelisi ababeka phambili ukuchaneka, ubuhle, kunye{2}}nemveliso ephezulu yevolumu....ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
Umatshini wokuwelda weNutUmatshini wokuWelding weNut Projection (HFTR{1}}20000) sisisombululo esiphezulu{3}}seshishini elenzelwe ukuchaneka kunye nokuqina. Ngaphaya kwemathiriyeli esemgangathweni yokuwelda njengentsimbi...ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
Umatshini wokuwelda kwindawo echanekileyoI-HFIS{1}}400C iphezulu-umatshini wokuwelda wendawo echanekileyo owenzelwe usetyenziso olufuna ukuchaneka okugqithisileyo. Ngaphaya kwentsimbi esemgangathweni kunye nentsimbi engenasici, lo...ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
I-Capacitor Discharge Welding MachineI-Capacitor Discharge Welding Machine yinkqubo yewelding ephezulu yozinzo ye-capacitor yokugcina amandla eyenzelwe phezulu{1}}intsimbi yamandla, intsimbi eshushu{2}ebunjiweyo, amashiti afakwe...ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
I-Automotive Heat Shield Seam Welding MachineI-Automotive Heat Shield Seam Welding Machine yinkqubo ye welding ephakathi-yokuxhathisa rhoqo iphuhliswe yi-HAIFEI Welding Equipment Co., Ltd. ngokukodwa kwintsimbi ecekethekileyo{3}}inxalenye...ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
Umatshini wokuwelda woMbhobho oMangangaUmatshini wokuWelding we-Corrugated Pipe Seam Welding sisisombululo esiphakathi sokuxhathisa amaza okwenzelwe ukuvelisa i-seams eyomeleleyo, eqhubekayo kwimibhobho etyatyiweyo -enkulu. Ukongeza...ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
Umatshini wokuWelding weTanki ye-Fuel SeamI-Fuel Tank Seam Welding Machine isetyenziselwa ukunyamezela ukuwelda ngokuqhubekayo kwee-automotive metal tank fuel shells. Amavili ayo e-electrode ayabamba kwaye weld ijoyinti egqithekileyo...ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
I-Wheel Hub Seam Welding MachineIWheel Hub Seam Welding Machine uyilelwe{0}}ukusebenza okuphezulu kokuwelda kweemoto kunye neehabhu zamavili esithuthuthu. Ixhasa intsimbi, intsimbi, intsimbi, ubhedu, isilivere, i-nickel, kunye...ukujonga ngaphezulu
-
Umatshini wokuWelding weStainless Steel SeamUkuba i-welds engaguqukiyo okanye i-porous ibangela ukuvuza kunye nokulahlwa kwemveliso, i-HFFZ - i-250 ye-Stainless Steel Seam Welding Machine sisisombululo osifunayo. Yenziwe ngetekhnoloji...ukujonga ngaphezulu
Khetha i-Resistance Welding Machine nge-Joint Joint Type
Umatshini we-Spot Welding
I-spot welding isetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-weld nuggets zomntu ngamnye phakathi kwamalungu esinyithi awelayo. Iqhele ukuthathelwa ingqalelo njenge -zentsimbi, izibiyeli, iitheminali, abafowunelwa kunye nezixhobo ezinesitampu.
Cinezela-uhlobo kunye nebhentshi{1}}ulungelelwaniso lohlobo lunokufakwa iiplatens kunye neeelectrode ezinikezelweyo ze nut ezikhethiweyo, ibholithi kunye neprojekti yewelding izicelo.
Ngaphambi kokukhetha umatshini, uHaifei uphonononga:
- Izinto eziphathekayo kunye nokwaleka
- Ubutyebe bomaleko ngamnye
- Inani kunye nendawo yamanqaku e-weld
- Ukufikelela kwi-Electrode
- Amandla adibeneyo afunekayo
- Ukumakishwa komhlaba okuvunyelweyo
- Umthamo wemveliso


Umthungo weWelding Machine
Ukuwelda komthungo kusebenzisa amavili e-electrode ajikelezayo ukuvelisa uthotho lweenuggets ze-weld eziwelanayo ecaleni kwendlela ethe tye, esetyhula okanye emile.
Inkqubo isetyenziselwa iitanki ezikhethiweyo, izikhongozeli, amaqokobhe e-cylindrical, imibhobho kunye neshiti-amalungu entsimbi afuna ukuqhubekeka okanye ukuvuza{1}}ijoyinti elixhathisayo.
Ulwazi olubalulekileyo lokukhetha lubandakanya:
- Idayimitha yomsebenzi kunye nokumila
- Indlela yeweld ethe tye okanye ejikelezileyo
- Ubukhulu bephepha
- Ukugqithelana ngokudibeneyo
- Ubude be-welding
- Isantya se-welding esifunekayo
- Imfuno yomphezulu
- Umgangatho wovavanyo lokuvuza
I-Capacitor Discharge Welding Machine
I-Capacitor discharge welding igcina amandla ombane kwaye iwakhuphe ngexesha elifutshane le-welding. Iqhele ukuvandlakanywa kujongiso lwentelekelelo ekhethiweyo, iziqhoboshi, iindawo eziphezulu{1}}zentsimbi zamandla kunye namalungu apho kufuneka igalelo lamandla axinanisiweyo.
Ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lumiselwa yimathiriyeli, ijiyometri yoqikelelo, ubukhulu bomsebenzi, amandla e-weld afunekayo kunye nemeko eyamkelekileyo yomphezulu.

Khetha i-Resistance Welding Machine ngokusekwe kwiSicelo sakho
Ifom edibeneyo idla ngokuba yinto yokuqala ekukhethweni komatshini. Amanqaku e-weld ngamnye, uqikelelo kunye ne-seams eqhubekayo ifuna izakhiwo zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo.
Ukuxhathisa umatshini welding welding ividiyo
| Imfuneko yesicelo | Izixhobo ezicetyiswayo | Isizathu Sokuba Ikhethwe |
|---|---|---|
| Ukudityaniswa kweshiti{0}}amalungu entsimbi | Umatshini we-Spot Welding | Ivelisa amanqaku e-weld ngamanye ngokulawulwa ngoku, ixesha lokutshisa kunye ne-electrode force |
| Ukuwelda amandongomane, iibholiti okanye izikhonkwane kwiindawo ezinesitampu | Umatshini wokuwelda weProjekthi | Igxininisa i-welding yangoku kwingqikelelo enye okanye ezininzi |
| Ukuvelisa umjikelo oqhubekayo okanye ovuzayo{0}}oxhathisayo | Umthungo weWelding Machine | Amavili e-electrode ajikelezayo adala uthotho lwe-weld nuggets |
| Ukuwelda kukhethwe intsimbi ephezulu-eyomelele okanye esezantsi{1}}yamalungu okuphawula | I-Capacitor Discharge Welding Machine | Ukukhutshwa kwamandla ombane agcinwe kumjikelo omfutshane we-welding |
| Ukuzalisa amanqaku amaninzi e-weld kwicandelo elinye | Multi{0}}Point Resistance Welding Machine | Yehlisa ukubekwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokuphatha i-workpiece yezandla |
| Ukulayisha ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuwelda kunye nokukhulula | Inkqubo ye-Welding ye-Custom Resistance | Idibanisa inkqubo ye-welding kunye nezixhobo ezizinikeleyo kunye ne-automation |
| Ukudibanisa inqwaba enkulu yobhedu okanye i-aluminium foil | Umatshini wokuwelda weDiffusion | Ifaneleka ngcono kwiindawo ezinkulu zokudibanisa kunye noqhagamshelo oluguquguqukayo lwe-conductive |
Le theyibhile inika umkhombandlela wokuqala. Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokugqibela kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngokusebenzisa i-workpiece yangempela, izinto zokuvelisa kunye neendlela zokwamkelwa.
Ukumelana nezicelo zeWelding nguShishino
Amacandelo eeMoto kunye neZitampu zesinyithi
I-Resistance welding isetyenziselwa izibiyeli, iihenjisi, izihlalo zokuhlala, amandongomane, iibholiti, izikhuselo zobushushu kunye nezinye iindawo zetsimbi ezinesitampu okanye ezenziweyo.
Ukuveliswa kweemoto kudla ngokufuna okungaphezulu komatshini oqhelekileyo we-welding. Inkqubo inokufuna kwakhona:
- I-automatic nut okanye ibholt feed
- Ukubekwa kwenxalenye echanekileyo
- Iiweldi ezininzi kumjikelo omnye wokulayisha
- Isixhobo esizinzileyo phantsi koxinzelelo oluphindaphindiweyo
- Ukutshintsha imodeli ngokukhawuleza
- esweni weld
- Ukudibanisa kunye nomgca wemveliso okhoyo
Isisombululo esichanekileyo sixhomekeke kuyilo lwe-workpiece kunye nokulandelelana kwemveliso yomthengi.
Ibhetri kunye nezixhobo zokuGcina amandla
Ibhetri ekhethiweyo kunye neendawo zokugcina amandla zisebenzisa indawo okanye iprojection welding kwiitheminali, uqhagamshelwano oluqhubayo, izibiyeli, iindawo ezivaliweyo kunye nezakhiwo ezixhasayo.
Ukukhetha umatshini kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo:
- Umbane kunye ne-thermal conductivity
- Ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo
- Amandla adibeneyo afunekayo
- Igalelo lobushushu elivumelekileyo
- Ukumakishwa komphezulu
- Ukusebenza kombane emva kwe-welding
- Indlela yokuhlola i-weld
Izitaki ezikhulu zobhedu okanye ifoyile yealuminiyam zidla ngokuvavanywa ngokwahlukeneyo kuba zinokufuna inkqubo yokuwelda endaweni yokuwelda kwindawo eqhelekileyo.
{0}Isixhobo soMbane esiPhantsi{0}
I-switchgear, ii-circuit breakers kunye neekhabhinethi zombane ziqulethe iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-conductive kunye nezakhiwo. Oku kunokubandakanya abafowunelwa, iitheminali, izibiyeli, izibiyeli zentsimbi, iikhondaktha zobhedu kunye noqhagamshelo oluphothiweyo.
Indibano yombane enye inokufuna inkqubo yokujoyina ngaphezulu kwenye. I-spot okanye iprojection welding ingasetyenziselwa abafowunelwa, iitheminali kunye neendawo zesakhiwo, ngelixa iibhasi zebhasi eziguquguqukayo zinokufuna i-welding ye-diffusion.
Ukudibanisa izinto kunye nokusebenza kombane okufunekayo kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokukhetha izixhobo.
Amacandelo eZixhobo zaseKhaya
Indawo, ingqikelelo kunye ne-welding ye-seam isetyenziswa kumaphepha akhethiweyo-izindlu zentsimbi, izibiyeli, iifreyimu, iziphatho kunye namalungu angaphakathi kwimveliso yesixhobo sasekhaya.
Iimfuno zeprojekthi eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Ukubekwa kwindawo enikezelweyo
- Multi{0}point welding
- I-nut kunye ne-fastener yokutya
- Imbonakalo yomphezulu elawulwayo
- Ukuhambelana nobukhulu bamacandelo ahlukeneyo
- Ukulayishwa kunye nokukhulula okuzenzekelayo
Usetyenziso lunokubandakanya iindawo zoluhlu lweehood, oomatshini bokuhlamba izitya, abatshintshisi bobushushu kunye nezinye iiassembly zezixhobo zentsimbi.
Iitanki, iMibhobho kunye nezixhobo ezitywiniweyo
I-Resistance seam welding ingasetyenziselwa iitanki zamafutha, izikhongozeli zetsimbi, iqokobhe lecylindrical, imibhobho etyabukileyo kunye namanye adityanisiweyo-zentsimbi adityanisiweyo.
- Indlela yeweld ethe tye okanye ejikelezileyo
- Idayamitha yomsebenzi
- Ububanzi bokugqithelana
- Ubukhulu bephepha
- Isantya seWelding
- Ulwalathiso lwe-electrode yevili
- Inkangeleko yomphezulu
- Uvavanyo olufunekayo lokuvuza
Isampula ye-weld kufuneka ihlolwe kusetyenziswa eyona nto yokuvelisa ngaphambi kokuba i-tooling yokugqibela iqinisekiswe.
Ifriji kunye neCompressor Components
Amaqokobhe ecompressor, iitheminali, iityhubhu, iindawo ezixhonywayo kunye nezinto ezinxulumene noko zinokufuna indawo, iprojection okanye i-seam welding.
Iingqwalasela eziphambili yindawo edibeneyo, iimfuno zokutywinwa, ulawulo lwe-dimensional kunye nokuba inxalenye inokufikelelwa ngama-electrode omabini. Isixhobo esizinikezeleyo ngokuqhelekileyo siyafuneka ukubamba icandelo ngexesha le-welding.
Izixhobo kunye neentlobo ezidibeneyo Sizivavanya
I-resistance welding ingasetyenziswa kwiintsimbi ezininzi eziqhubayo, kodwa useto olufanayo lomatshini alunakusetyenziselwa yonke into okanye idibeneyo.

| Izinto eziphathekayo okanye ngokudibeneyo | Amanqaku oVavanyo oluPhambili | Inkqubo enokwenzeka |
|---|---|---|
| Intsimbi yekhabhoni {{0}ephantsi | Ukutyeba, ukuhlangana ngokudibeneyo, amandla e-weld kunye nokufikelela kwi-electrode | Indawo, ingqikelelo okanye i-welding ye-seam |
| Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo | Ubume bomphezulu, igalelo lobushushu, i-deformation kunye nokubonakala | Indawo okanye i-welding ye-seam |
| Intsimbi yegalvanized | Ukuziphatha kokugquma, ukunxitywa kwe-electrode kunye nokumakishwa komphezulu | Indawo, ingqikelelo okanye iCD iwelding |
| {0}}intsimbi enamandla | Uyilo loqikelelo, amandla afunekayo kunye nokwamkelwa kweweld | Uqikelelo okanye welding CD |
| Amacandelo obhedu | Umbane ophezulu kunye ne-thermal conductivity, izinto ze-electrode kunye nemfuno yangoku | Isicelo-i-welding ethile yokumelana okanye i-diffusion welding |
| Amalungu eAluminiyam | Surface oxide, conductivity, ubukhulu kunye nemeko electrode | Isicelo-uvavanyo oluthile |
| Amalungu{0}}entsimbi angafaniyo | Ukuhambelana kwezinto, ukugquma, ukuyila ngokubambisana kunye nemfuneko yokusebenza | Uvavanyo lwesampulu luyafuneka |
| Amantongomane, iibholiti kunye nezikhonkwane | Ijiyometri yokuqikelela, ukukhuselwa komsonto kunye nokuchaneka kokubeka indawo | Uqikelelo welding |
Ukumelana neWelding vs obunye ubuchwephesha be-Welding
Inkqubo echanekileyo kufuneka ikhethwe ngokuhambelana nokudibanisa-kungekhona ngokubhekiselele kuwuphi umatshini unomthamo ophezulu.
| Itekhnoloji yeWelding | Ngokuqhelekileyo kuqwalaselwe | Imiba ephambili yokuKhetha |
|---|---|---|
| I-Resistance Welding | Ishiti-amalungu entsimbi, uqikelelo, iitheminali kunye nemithungo ethe kratya | Ukufikelela kwi-Electrode, i-welding current, amandla, ukuxhathisa izinto kunye nefom edibeneyo |
| Ukusasazwa kweWelding | Ubhedu okanye i-aluminium foil stacks kunye neebhasi eziguquguqukayo | Indawo yokudibanisa, i-foil stack, i-conductivity kunye nokufakwa kobushushu obulawulwayo |
| Ultrasonic Welding | Iifoyile zokuqhuba ezibhityileyo, iingcingo kunye neendawo ezikhethiweyo ezingezizo i-ferrous | Inhlanganisela yezinto eziphathekayo, ubukhulu obudibeneyo kunye nempendulo ye-vibration |
- Ukuchaswa kwe-welding ngokuqhelekileyo kukhethwe xa i-workpiece inokunyanzeliswa phakathi kwe-electrodes kunye nokudibanisa kunokwakheka ngokulawulwa okwangoku, ixesha kunye namandla.
- Udiffusion welding ikholisa ukuba licala elingcono kwindawo enkulu -ebhetyebhetye yobhedu okanye imidibaniso yealuminiyam. I-Ultrasonic welding inokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo kwiifoyile ezincinci, iingcingo kunye namalungu amancinci okuqhuba.
Kutheni usebenza neHaifei?
Izixhobo eziyilwe ngokujikeleze iWorkpiece
I-Haifei ibonelela ngoomatshini bokuwelda abaqhelekileyo kwaye iphuhlisa izixhobo zesiko kumacandelo athile. Isiphakamiso somatshini sisekelwe kwizinto eziphathekayo, ifom edibeneyo, indawo ye-weld, imveliso yokuvelisa kunye nemfuneko yokuzenzekelayo.
01
Uvavanyo lweSampulu phambi koKhetho lokugqibela
Xa umphumo we-welding awukwazi ukumiselwa kwimidwebo yodwa, abathengi banokubonelela ngezinto ezimele okanye ii-workpieces zovavanyo lwenkqubo.Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wokukhetha umatshini osekelwe kuphela kwi-transformer umthamo okanye ikhathalogu yemveliso jikelele.
02
Ii-Electrodes eziqhelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza
I-Electrodes kunye nezixhobo ziphuhliswa ngokweyona ndawo yoqhagamshelwano, indawo ye-weld kunye ne-workpiece shape. Amalungu ahambelanayo anokusebenzisa izixhobo ezitshintshanayo kunye neendlela zokupheka zokuwelda.
03
Yima-Wedwa kunye neZixhobo eziziSebenzisayo
Ulungelelwaniso olukhoyo lusukela koomatshini bokuwelda abalayishwe ngesandla ukuya kwiinkqubo ezininzi-zentloko, i-turntable, i-servo{1}}ebekwe kwindawo kunye nerobhothi{2}}iinkqubo ezidityanisiweyo.
Inqanaba elifunekayo lokuzenzekelayo liqinisekisiwe ngokwemveliso yemveliso, ukubandakanyeka kwabaqhubi kunye nomgca okhoyo womthengi.
04
INdibano yeFactory kunye noVavanyo loMatshini
Izixhobo kufuneka zivavanywe kunye ne-workpiece ekuvunyelwene ngayo kunye nendlela yokwamkelwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Iisampuli ze-welding zangempela, iividiyo zokusebenza komatshini kunye neerekhodi zokuvavanya zingasetyenziswa ngexesha lokuqinisekiswa kweprojekthi.
05
FAQ Malunga Resistance Welding Machines
Umbuzo: Yintoni umatshini welding yokumelana?
A: Umatshini we-welding ochasayo udibanisa iinxalenye zetsimbi eziqhubayo ngokudlula umbane olawulwayo kwindawo yoqhagamshelwano ngelixa usebenzisa amandla e-electrode. Ubushushu obuveliswe ngokudibeneyo bubumba i-weld, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwesinyithi esiqhelekileyo sokuzalisa.
Q: Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-welding yokumelana kunye ne-spot welding?
A: Ukumelana ne-welding liqela lenkqubo ngokubanzi. I-Spot welding lolunye uhlobo lokumelana ne-welding esetyenziselwa ukudala amanqaku e-weld ngamnye. Ezinye iintlobo zibandakanya i-welding yeprojekthi kunye ne-seam welding.
Q: Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-spot welding kunye ne-projection welding?
A: I-Spot welding igxininisa ngoku ngokusebenzisa indawo yoqhagamshelwano ye-electrode. I-welding ye-Projectioning igxininise okwangoku ngentelekelelo enye okanye ngaphezulu kwi-fastener okanye i-workpiece. Iprojection welding isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiintongomane, iibholiti kunye nezikhonkwane.
Umbuzo: Ngowuphi umatshini olungele ukuwelda amantongomane kunye nezikhonkwane?
A: Oomatshini be-welding abaqikelelwayo baqhele ukuqwalaselwa ngamantongomane, iibholiti kunye nezikhonkwane. Ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo luxhomekeke kubungakanani be-fastener, i-geometry yentelekelelo, imathiriyeli esisiseko, i-torque efunekayo kunye nendlela yokutya.
Umbuzo: Ngaba ndimele ndikhethe i-AC, i-MFDC okanye i-capacitor discharge welding?
A: Ukhetho luxhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo, ubukhulu, ukuchasana ngokubambisana, okufunekayo ngoku, imeko yendawo kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla efektri. Uvavanyo lwesampula luyacetyiswa xa inkqubo yefestile ingaqinisekanga.
Umbuzo: Ngaba oomatshini bokuwelda bangakwazi ukuwelda ubhedu kunye nealuminium?
A: Ubhedu olukhethiweyo kunye namacandelo e-aluminium anokuvavanywa kwi-welding yokumelana, kodwa ukuqhuba kwabo okuphezulu kwenza inkqubo ibe nzima ngakumbi. Izitaki ezinkulu zefoyile kunye neebhasi eziguquguqukayo zinokufuna i-welding ye-diffusion endaweni yoko.
I-Wuxi Haifei Intelligent Equipment Co., i-Limited iyaziwa{1} njengomnye wabavelisi kunye nababoneleli koomatshini bokuwelda abakhokelayo eTshayina. Nceda uqiniseke ukuba uthenge umatshini we-welding womgangatho ophezulu owenziwe eTshayina apha kumzi-mveliso wethu. Ukubonisana ngexabiso, qhagamshelana nathi.

