Inxalenye enkulu-iibhasi zebhasi ezinqamlezileyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokusasaza amandla, ufakelo logcino lwamandla ahlaziyekayo, iipakethi zebhetri yemoto yombane, kunye{1}}nezixhobo ezinzima zemizi-mveliso. Njengezona nxalenye ziphetheyo zangoku{3}}, umgangatho wazo wokuwelda umisela ngokuthe ngqo uzinzo lokuqhuba kombane, ukuthembeka koomatshini, kunye{4}}nokhuseleko lwexesha elide lokusebenza.
Xa usebenzisa iumatshini wokuwelda wepolymerukuwelda iibhasi ezinkulu zobhedu, abavelisi bahlala bedibana nemiceli mngeni efana nokungaphelelanga kwebhondi yasekuhlaleni, ukunqongophala kokudityaniswa emiphethweni, kunye{0}nolwakhiwo olungafaniyo lwangaphakathi. Le miba ibangelwa ikakhulu lubhedu oluphezulu lwe-thermal conductivity, ubukhulu be-cross{2}}imilinganiselo yamacandelo, kunye nokusabalalisa koxinzelelo olungalinganiyo ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding.
Esi sikhokelo sigxile kweyona njongo iphambili yokuzuza ukudityaniswa okufanayo,{0}}kwendawo epheleleyo kwiibhasi ezinkulu zobhedu. Ichaza amacebo asebenzayo, okuphunyezwa{2}}okulungelelaniswa nolungiselelo, ukwenziwa kweparameter, uhlengahlengiso lwenkqubo, ukugcinwa kwezixhobo, kunye nolawulo lomgangatho. Umxholo uyilelwe ukunceda iinjineli, abaphathi bemveliso, kunye namaqela okuthengwa kwempahla ukwenza izigqibo ezizizo xa ukhetha kwaye usebenzausasazo welding machine.
1. Ngaphambi{1}}uLungiselelo lwe-Welding: Ukwakha iSiseko se-Uniform Bonding
Kwi-welding ye-diffusion, amanyathelo okulungiselela ubukhulu becala amisela umgangatho ofikelelekayo wokudibanisa. Kwiibhasi ezinkulu zobhedu, ubume bomphezulu, ukuchaneka kwendawo, kunye nesicwangciso sokufudumeza kwangaphambili kunempembelelo enkulu ekugqithiseni ubushushu kunye nokusasazwa kwe-athomu.
1.1 ULungiselelo oluchanekileyo loMphezulu ukuze kupheliswe imiqobo yokusasaza
Ubhedu lwenza iifilimu zeoksidi ngokulula xa luvezwe emoyeni. Ezi maleko zeoksidi zisebenza njengemiqobo yokusasaza kwaye ngomnye wezona zizathu ziphambili zokuhlangana okubuthathaka kunye nokudityaniswa okungaphelelanga. Ngoko ke, ukulungiswa komgangatho osemgangathweni kubalulekile ngaphambi kwe-welding.
Iindlela zokulungiselela eziqhelekileyo nezisebenzayo ziquka:
- Ukusila ngoomatshini kusetyenziswa amabhanti abrasive acolekileyo okanye amavili okupholisha ukususa iileya zeoksidi ezantsi ukucoca isiseko sesinyithi.
- Ukucocwa kweekhemikhali kunye nezisombululo ze-asidi epholileyo ukuphelisa i-oxides eseleyo
- Ukusula nge-alcohol e-anhydrous ukususa igrisi kunye namasuntswana amahle
- Ukuqinisa ngokukhawuleza emva kolungiselelo ukunqanda kwakhona{0}}i-oxidation
Kwimizi-mveliso, uburhabaxa bomphezulu budla ngokucetyiswa ngaphakathi kweRa 0.8–1.6 μm, ebonelela ngolungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo phakathi koqhagamshelwano olusondeleyo kunye nokusasazwa okusebenzayo.
1.2 Ukukhetha uLungiso oluLungileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe iNdawo eFanayo kunye noxinzelelo
Kwiibhasi ezishinyeneyo zobhedu, ukungonelanga komtyaba okanye unikezelo loxinzelelo olungalinganiyo kudla ngokukhokelela ekudibaneni okubuthathaka emiphethweni. Le yingcambu exhaphakileyo engunobangela womphetho {1}ongadibaniyo neziphene.
Iimpawu zomdlalo ocetyiswayo ziquka:
- Ukuqina okuphezulu kwesakhiwo ukunciphisa i-deformation phantsi koxinzelelo
- Iindlela zokubeka ezihlengahlengiswayo ukulungiselela ubungakanani obahlukeneyo beebhasi
- Ukuba mphezulu komphezulu kulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-±0.02 mm
- Multi{0}inqaku elidityanisiweyo lonikezelo loxinzelelo
Kwizicelo zebhasi zogcino lwamandla, -uxinzelelo lwamanqaku amaninzi lunokugcina ukuhluka koxinzelelo ngaphakathi ± 3%, kuphuculwe kakhulu ukuhambelana kwebhondi.
1.3 Ukufudumeza iibhasi zeCopper ukuNciphisa uLahleko loBubushushu
I-Copper ine-thermal conductivity malunga ne-390-400 W / (m · K), iphezulu kakhulu kuneyona ntsimbi yesakhiwo. Ngenxa yoko, ubushushu buyaphela ngokukhawuleza ngexesha le-welding, nto leyo inokukhokelela ekungeneni kobushushu obungundoqo.
Ukufudumala kunciphisa iqondo lokushisa kunye nokuzinzisa inkqubo ye-welding.
Iiparamitha ezicetyiswayo zokufudumeza kwangaphambili:
- Ubushushu bokufudumala: 150-350 degree
- Ukufudumala kwexesha: imizuzu eyi-10-30, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu
- Indlela yokufudumala: I-furnace preheating okanye iimodyuli ezidibeneyo zokushisa umatshini
Ukufudumeza kwangaphambili okufanelekileyo kunokuphucula ukufana kobushushu malunga ne-20% -35%, ukunciphisa ngokubonakalayo iziphene ezingadibaniyo.
2. UPhuculo lweParameter engundoqo: Ukulawula iinguqu eziBalulekileyo
I-Diffusion welding ixhomekeke kwiziphumo ezidityanisiweyo zobushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nexesha lokukhuthaza ukusasazwa kweathom kuzo zonke iindawo. Ezi parameters zintathu zenza isiseko sokubambisana okufanayo.
2.1 Kaninzi -Ulawulo loBubushushu beNdawo ukuqinisekisa nokuNgena koBubushushu
Kwiibhasi zebhasi ezityebileyo kune10 mm, -ukufudumeza kwendawo enye kaninzi akwanelanga ukugcina amaqondo obushushu angaphakathi afanayo. Iinkqubo ezininzi-zolawulo lobushushu kwindawo ziyacetyiswa ngamandla.
Umjikelo wokufudumeza oqhelekileyo ubandakanya:
Preheating Stage
Amaqondo obushushu anyuswa ngokuthe chu ukuya malunga60%–70%yenqanaba ekujoliswe kulo. Oku kunciphisa ukothuka kwe-thermal kwaye kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuguquka.
Inqanaba lokufudumeza
Iqondo lobushushu liyaqhubeka nokunyuka ecaleni kweprofayile yethambeka elawulwayo de ifike kuluhlu lwe-welding:
- Iqondo lobushushu le-welding yobhedu:600-850 idigri
- Ukuchaneka kobushushu obucetyiswayo:ngaphakathi ±5 isidanga
Ukubamba inqanaba
Ubushushu bugcinwa kwinqanaba elizinzile, ukuvumela ukulingana kweqondo lokushisa kwangaphakathi kunye nokuququzelela ukusasazwa kwe-athomu.
Multi{0}}zone zokufudumeza ngolungelelwaniso kunokunciphisa ubushushu bangaphakathi umahluko ukuyangaphakathi ± 10 isidanga, eyimfuneko ekuphumezeni udibaniso olufanayo kulo lonke ujongano.
2.2 Isicelo soxinzelelo lweGradient kuQhagamshelwano lwe-Uniform Interface
Uxinzelelo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekupheliseni izithuba ezingaphezulu kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusasazwa. Kwiibhasi ezinkulu zobhedu, usetyenziso loxinzelelo olukwinqanaba lusebenza ngakumbi kunokusebenzisa uxinzelelo olupheleleyo kwangoko.
Amanqanaba oxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo aquka:
| Iqonga | Uluhlu loxinzelelo | Injongo |
|---|---|---|
| UkuQhwatywa kokuQala | 5–10 MPa | Susa izithuba |
| Inqanaba lokufudumeza | 10–20 MPa | Yandisa indawo yoqhagamshelwano |
| Ukubamba inqanaba | 20–40 MPa | Ukukhuthaza ukusasazwa |
Ukuba uxinzelelo lusezantsi kakhulu, ukusasazwa kuhlala kungagqibekanga. Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, kwelinye icala, lunokubangela i-deformation okanye i-extrusion yezinto eziphathekayo. Ngoko ke,Uzinzo loxinzelelo kufuneka luhlale ngaphakathi ±1%, olulubalulo oluphambili-lomgangatho ophezulu wesixhobo sokuwelda.
2.3 Ukuphucula iXesha lokubamba ukuze kuQinisekiswe ukusasaza kwaNgaphakathi
Ukusasazwa kweatom kuxhomekeke kwixesha-into ethetha ukuba ubude bexesha kufuneka buhambelane nobukhulu besixhobo.
Izalathisi zexesha lokubamba:
| Busbar Ukutyeba | Ixesha elicetyiswayo lokubamba |
|---|---|
| 5–10 mm | 20–40 imizuzu |
| 10-20 mm | 40-70 imizuzu |
| 20-30 mm | 70-120 imizuzu |
Ukubamba ixesha elide kakhulu kunokukhokelela ekukhuleni kweenkozo kunye nokuncipha kweempawu zoomatshini. Uvavanyo lwewelding luyacetyiswa ukuba lucokise{1}}iparamitha.
3. Ulungelelwaniso lweNkqubo: Ukusombulula imiba yeNdawo engeyiyo{1}}eyiUniform Fusion
Nokuba iiparamitha ezilungiselelweyo, ukulungiswa kakuhle{0}ukulungisa inkqubo yewelding kunokuphucula ngokubonakalayo umgangatho webhondi.
3.1 Ukukhuselwa koNcedo lweGesi ekunciphiseni i-Oxidation
I-Copper i-oxidizes ngokukhawuleza kumaqondo aphezulu aphezulu. Ukwenziwa kweoksidi kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokusasazwa kunye nomgangatho wokudibanisa. Ukwazisa irhasi ekhuselayo kunceda ukunciphisa i-oxidation.
Iigesi eziqhelekileyo zokukhusela ziquka:
- IArgon (Ar): Isetyenziswa kakhulu
- Nitrogen (N₂): Enye indlela yezoqoqosho
- IHydrojeni-equlathe imixube: Isetyenziselwa{1}}ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezicelo
Ukukhusela imekobume yerhasi kunokunciphisa izinga le-oxidation malunga60%–80%, ukuphucula ukucoceka kojongano.
3.2 Uyilo oluLungileyo lokuFundisa kuSasazo soBubushushu obuLungileyo
Ukubekwa kwesifudumezi ngendlela engafanelekanga kudla ngokubangela iiprofayili zobushushu ezingalinganiyo kwiibhasi ezinkulu.
Iinkqubo ezicetyiswayo ziquka:
- Multi{0}}zone ezizimeleyo ulawulo lokufudumeza
- Ulungiselelo lwesifudumezi esilinganayo
- Ulungelelwaniso lolawulo lwemveliso yamandla
La manyathelo anciphisa kakhulu ukushisa kwendawo okanye ukufudumeza okunganeleyo.
3.3 Ukupholisa okuLawulweyo ukuThintela iziphene zangaPhakathi
Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kunokwazisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kunye neziphene ze-microstructural.
Iindlela zokupholisa ezicetyiswayo:
- Vumela ukupholisa kwendalo emva kwe-welding
- Gcina ukhusela ukuhamba kwegesi ngexesha lokupholisa
- Ziphephe iindlela zokupholisa ngenkani
Ukupholisa okulawulwayo kunokunciphisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo olushiyekileyo ngokungaphezulu30%, ukuphucula ukuthembeka{0}}kwexesha elide.
4. Ulungelelwaniso lweZixhobo kunye noLondolozo: Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuZinzile
Nkqu neenkqubo zokuwelda eziphambili azikwazi ukuhlawulela iimeko zezixhobo ezingazinzanga. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kuqinisekisa iziphumo ze-welding ezihambelanayo.
4.1 Ulungelelwaniso lweXesha loBubushushu kunye neeNkqubo zoxinzelelo
Izilawuli zobushushu kunye nezinzwa zoxinzelelo zinokukhukuliseka ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Amaxesha olungelelwaniso acetyiswayo:
- Inkqubo yokulawula ubushushu: YonkeIinyanga ezi-3-6
- Iinzwa zoxinzelelo: YonkeIinyanga ezi-6
- Izinto zokufudumeza: Ukuhlolwa kwamaxesha athile kunye nokutshintshwa xa kuthotywa umgangatho
Iinkqubo zolawulo ezichanekileyo ziqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwe-welding.
4.2 Ukugcina i-Electrodes kunye neFixtures zoNxibelelwano oluthembekileyo
Amacandelo e-oxidized okanye agugileyo anyusa ukuchasana noqhagamshelwano kunye nokuphazamisa ukusabalalisa uxinzelelo.
Amanyathelo okulungisa aquka:
- Ukususa ukwakheka kweoksidi
- Ukulungisa imiphezulu egugileyo
- Ukujonga ukuthambeka kwezixhobo rhoqo
Ezi zenzo zinokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kokumelana noqhagamshelwano malunga20%–40%.
4.3 Ukuhlola iGesi neeNkqubo zokuKhusela
Ukuvuza kwegesi kunye ne-insulation eyonakalisiweyo kwandisa ukulahleka kobushushu kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ukuhlolwa okuqhelekileyo kufuneka kubandakanye:
- Ukunyaniseka kokutywinwa komgca wegesi
- Imeko yezinto ze-insulation
- Ukusebenza kokutywinwa kwegumbi
Ukugquma okusebenzayo kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngo10%–25%.
5. IMigangatho yokuSebenza kunye nokuHlolwa koMgangatho: Ukhuseleko lokugqibela
Ukusebenza okuhambelanayo kunye neeprothokholi zokuhlola ngokungqongqo ziqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso ozinzile.
5.1 IiNkqubo zokuSebenza eziMiselweyo zokunciphisa impazamo yoBantu
Ubungcali bomqhubi buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho we-welding. Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni (ii-SOPs) zinceda ukugcina ukuhambelana.
Iimpawu zeSOP zibandakanya:
- Ngaphambi{0}uluhlu lokuhlola i-welding
- Ulandelelwano oluqhelekileyo lokubamba
- Izikhokelo zokuseta iParameter
- Amaxwebhu eposi{{0}ewelding
Kakuhle-abaqhubi abaqeqeshiweyo banokucutha inkqubo umahluko ngaphezu30%.
5.2 UVavanyo oluBanzi loMgangatho woKuhambelana kweBatshi
Phambi-imveliso epheleleyo, ukuwelda kunye nokuqinisekiswa kuyacetyiswa ngamandla.
Iindlela zokuhlola eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo ukufana
- Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic (UT) kwiziphene zangaphakathi
- Uvavanyo lweRadiographic (RT) yovavanyo lolwakhiwo
- Uvavanyo lwamandla okucheba ukuqinisekiswa koomatshini
Kwizixokelelwano zombane ezithembekileyo-eziphezulu,Amandla ebhondi kufuneka afikelele kwi-80% -95% yamandla ezinto ezisisiseko, okwenza oku kube luphawu olubalulekileyo lomgangatho.
6. Indlela yokukhetha umatshini wokuwelda oLungileyo kwiiBusbars ezinkulu zeCopper
Kwiinkampani eziceba ukutyala imali kwizixhobo ze-welding ezisasazwayo, ukugxila kuphela kwixabiso kuhlala kukhokelela-kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwexesha elide. Isakhono sokusebenza kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo zizinto ezithatha isigqibo.
6.1 IiNgcaciso zoBuchule eziPhambili zokuVavanywa
Iinkcukacha ezicetyiswayo xa ukhetha isixhobo:
| Ipharamitha | Uluhlu olucetyiswayo |
|---|---|
| Ukuchaneka kobushushu | Ngaphakathi kwe-±5 idigri |
| Ukuchaneka koxinzelelo | Ngaphakathi ±1% |
| Inani leendawo zokufudumeza | Inkulu kuno okanye ilingana neendawo ezi-3 |
| Umthamo omkhulu woxinzelelo | Inkulu kuno okanye ilingana ne 40 MPa |
| Inkqubo yokulawula | Iiprofayili ezicwangcisekileyo |
Ezi parameters zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukukwazi ukuwelda iibhasi ezinkulu zobhedu ngokuthembekileyo.
6.2 UVavanyo lokuGuquleka kunye neZakhono zoKwandiswa kwekamva
Amashishini afana nokugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokuveliswa kwe-EV ahlala efuna ukulungelelaniswa neenkcukacha zemveliso entsha.
Iingqwalasela eziphambili ziquka:
- Ukuhambelana neesayizi ezahlukeneyo zebhasi
- Ukwandiswa kweemodyuli ezizenzekelayo
- Ukuloga kwedatha kunye nemisebenzi yokulandeleka
Izixhobo ezinobuchule obunokwehla zinceda ukunciphisa iindleko zokuphucula kwixesha elizayo.
6.3 Ukukhetha uMniki-nkonzo oneNkxaso yobuGcisa eyomeleleyo
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-welding ye-diffusion, izixhobo zodwa azanele. Isakhono senkxaso yobugcisa sibaluleke ngokufanayo.
Iimpawu ezicetyiswayo zomthengisi:
- Ukukwazi ukubonelela ngesikhokelo senkqubo ye-welding
- Ubukho beenkonzo zokuwelda
- {0}}ixesha elide inkxaso yolondolozo
- Amatyala esicelo soshishino aqinisekisiweyo
Ezi zinto zihlala zimisela ixabiso lokwenene lobomi besixhobo.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Ngowuphi owona mba uxhaphakileyo kwi-welding enkulu yebhasi yobhedu?
A: Owona mba uxhaphakileyo kukudityaniswa okungaphelelanga kwindawo yasekuhlaleni okanye kumda, odla ngokubangelwa kukusasazwa kobushushu obungalinganiyo okanye uxinzelelo olungonelanga.
Umbuzo: Bubuphi ubungqingqwa beebhasi zeebhasi ezilungele ukuhanjiswa kwe-welding?
A: I-welding ye-diffusion ifanelekile kwiibhasi zebhasi ukusuka5-30 mm, kunye10-25 mmukuba lolona luhlu luqhelekileyo.
Umbuzo: Unokufumanisa njani ukuba i-copper busbar diffusion weld yamkelekile?
A: I-weld efanelekayo idla ngokuphumelela80%–95%yokomelela kwesiseko kwaye uphumelele uvavanyo -olungonakalisi ngaphandle kweziphene zangaphakathi.
Q: Zeziphi ezona parameters zibaluleke kakhulu xa ukhetha umatshini we-welding we-diffusion?
A: Ukuchaneka kobushushu, uzinzo loxinzelelo, kunye -nesakhono sokufudumeza sommandla omninzi zezona parameters zobugcisa zibaluleke kakhulu.
Umbuzo: Ngaba irhasi yokukhusela iyafuneka kwi-copper busbar diffusion welding?
A: Nangona kungasoloko kunyanzeliswa, ukukhusela igesi kunciphisa kakhulu i-oxidation kwaye kuphucula ukuhambelana kwe-weld.
Isiphelo: I-Uniform Fusion ifuna iNkqubo eCwangcisiweyo
Ukufikelela kwi-uniform bonding kwi-welding enkulu ye-copper busbar diffusion ayixhomekeke kwiparameter enye. Endaweni yoko, ifuna ulungelelwaniso olulungelelanisiweyo lwemathiriyeli, iinkqubo, izixhobo, kunye noqeqesho lokusebenza.
Ukususela ekulungisweni komhlaba ukuya kulawulo lweparameter, ukusuka ekugcinweni kwezixhobo ukuya ekuhlolweni komgangatho, inyathelo ngalinye linegalelo ekusebenzeni kokugqibela kokubambisana. Kubenzi abasebenza ngeebhasi ezinkulu-zecandelo leebhasi zobhedu, ukukhetha ausasazo welding machinengolawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu,{0}}indawo ezininzi zokufudumeza, kunye nolawulo oluzinzileyo loxinzelelo{1}}ludityaniswe neenkqubo zokuwelda ezisemgangathweni{2}}zinokuphucula kakhulu ukungaguquguquki kunye{3}}nokuthembeka kwexesha elide.
Ngolawulo olunenyameko lweparameter kunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo eqhubekayo, udibaniso olupheleleyo{0}}lwendawo luba sisiphumo esifikelelekayo nesiphinda-phindayo, sixhasa uthumelo lwamandla oluzinzileyo kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiinkqubo ezibango zombane kunye namandla.
Fumana isicatshulwa sasimahla!
