I-Projection Welding Workstations kwi-Automotive Manufacturing: Isikhokelo seSisombululo esiBukrelekrele

Kushishino lweemoto olukhula ngokukhawuleza, oluphawulwa ziindlela zokukhanya, ukufakwa kombane, kunye nobukrelekrele, umgangatho we-welding ubalulekile. Inquma ngokuthe ngqo ukhuseleko, ukuqina, kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kwesakhiwo sesithuthi kunye namacandelo abalulekileyo. Iindlela zokuwelda zesiNtu ziya zingonelanga ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yokuchaneka okuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, i-Projection Welding Workstation iye yaba yinto engundoqo yesixhobo kwimigca yemveliso ezenzekelayo, kunye neemfuno zayo zobugcisa kunye nezisombululo eziqhubekayo ziqhubela phambili.

Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga kwiimfuno ezingundoqo ezintlanu zeprojekithi yokuwelda indawo yokusebenzela esetwe lishishini leemoto, libonelela ngezisombululo ezikrelekrele ezihambelanayo ukuze zisetyenziswe ngokubonakalayo ngabavelisi beemoto kunye nababoneleli bezixhobo.

Ukuchaneka kwiwelding sisiseko soshishino lweemoto -nentanda-bulumko yesiphene. Kumthwalo obalulekileyo{2}}izinto ezithweleyo ezinje ngomzimba-ku{4}}mhlophe (BIW) izakhiwo, izitulo zokuhlala, kunye neetreyi zebhetri kwiZithuthi zaMandla amatsha (NEVs), ukomelela kunye nokutenxa kwindawo yeendawo zeweld kufuneka kulawulwe ngokungqongqo.

• Weld Spot Positional Ukuchaneka: Ukutenxa kwiziko lendawo ye-weld ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka kulawulwe ngaphakathi kwe-$\\pm 0.1$ mm, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka okungaguquguqukiyo kwendibano kunye nobulungisa besakhiwo.
• Welding Parameter Uzinzo: Iiparamitha eziphambili ezifana ne-welding current, uxinzelelo, kunye nexesha kufuneka libonise ukuguquguquka okuncinci. Umzekelo, uzinzo lwangoku lufuna ukulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-$\\pm 1%$ ukuqinisekisa ukufana kwesayizi ye-weld nugget.

• Ukusetyenziswa kweMithombo yaMandla oMbane weFrequency ePhakathi ngokuNgqo (MFDC).: Xa kuthelekiswa nemveli Alternating Current (AC) welders, iteknoloji MFDC ibonelela agudileyo kwaye ichaneke ngakumbi DC welding yangoku. Isantya sempendulo yenqanaba le-millisecond - kunye nezinga eliphezulu lesampulu livumela ixesha lokwenyani{2}}imbuyekezo yexesha lokuguquguquka kwegridi kunye notshintsho kwi-workpiece ukumelana noqhagamshelwano, ukuqinisekisa igalelo lamandla elichanekileyo.
• Phezulu{{0}IiNkqubo ze-Electrode eziNgamandla kunye noLawulo loxinzelelo lwe-Servo: Ukusebenzisa{0}}ubulukhuni, obuphantsi{1}}i-inertia ye-electrode elawula iinkqubo ezidityaniswe ne-servo motor{2}}iindlela zoxinzelelo eziqhutywayo zenza ukuba kuvalwe{3}}loop oluchanekileyo ulawulo kuxinzelelo lwe-welding. Oku akukona nje ukwandisa isantya soxinzelelo kodwa kuvumela uhlengahlengiso oluguquguqukayo lwejika loxinzelelo ngexesha le-welding, ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokwakheka kwe-nugget ye-weld, ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano olufanelekileyo kunye nemiphumo yokwenza.

Imigca yemveliso yeemoto iyaziwa ngeXesha leTakt ephezulu kakhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwendawo yokusebenzela ye-welding kuba nefuthe ngokuthe ngqo kumgca wokuhamba uwonke.

• UMjikelo weWelding oMfutshane kakhulu: Ixesha lomjikelo kwindawo enye ye-weld (kubandakanya ukucudisa, ukuwelda, kunye nokubamba ixesha) kufuneka icinezelwe ukuya kwimizuzwana eyi-0.5 okanye ngaphantsi ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yemveliso yeendawo ezininzi ze-weld ngomzuzu.
• UkuFaneka okuPhezulu kweSixhobo siWonke (OEE): Ekubeni imigca yemveliso ihlala iqhuba i-24/7, i-OEE ekujoliswe kuyo kwindawo yokusebenza idla ngokubekwa ngaphezulu kwe-95%, ifuna izixhobo zokugcina isantya esiphezulu kunye nexesha elincinci lokunciphisa kunye nexesha lokutshintsha.

• Ezininzi-Intloko/ziMulti{1}}Indawo yeTekhnoloji yokuWelding ngaxeshanye: Apho izithintelo zenkqubo zivumela, ukusebenzisa iintloko ze-welding ezininzi ukuba zisebenze ngaxeshanye kunciphisa kakhulu ixesha le-welding ye-workpiece nganye. Umzekelo, kwiwelding ye-nut projection, ezine{1}} okanye ezintandathu{2}}indawo ezidibanisayo ze-welding ngaxeshanye zingayilwa ukuphinda-phinda ukusebenza kakuhle.
• Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kunye nembuyekezo ezenzekelayo: Ukwazisa izixhobo zemodyuli kunye nezisemgangathweni kunye nezixhobo, ezidityaniswa ne-Automatic Tool Changer (ATC) iinkqubo, kunciphisa ixesha lokutshintsha ukusuka kwiiyure ukuya kwimizuzu. Ngaphaya koko, ukusetyenziswa kwerobhothi okanye iinkqubo zombono zokubeka indawo yokusebenza ngokukhawuleza kunye nembuyekezo etenxayo kunciphisa ungenelelo lwezandla kunye nexesha lohlengahlengiso. Idatha yeshishini icebisa ukuba ukwamkela itekhnoloji ye-MFDC kunye nokutshintsha okuzenzekelayo kunokonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding ngaphezulu kwe-30% xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zemveli.

Ishishini leemoto lifuna ukuthembeka kweshishini-kwibakala kwizixhobo zalo, njengoko naliphi na ixesha lokuphumla elingalindelekanga lingakhokelela kwilahleko enkulu yemveliso.

• Ixesha elongeziweyo eliPhakathi kweFailures (MTBF): Amacandelo angundoqo (njengabaguquli, abalawuli, kunye ne-electrode) kufuneka bafezekise i-MTBF yeeyure ezingaphezu kwe-5,000, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zinokumelana- nokuqina, ukusebenza okuqhubekayo.
• Ukuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo: Isixhobo kufuneka sisebenze ngokuthembekileyo kwindawo yemizi-mveliso enobushushu obuphezulu, ukufuma, kunye nothuli, kwaye sibe ne-Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) egqwesileyo ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwezinye izixhobo ezichanekileyo kumgca wemveliso.

• Uxilongo oluBukrelekrele kunye noLondolozo oluqikelelweyo (PdM): Izitishi zokusebenzela kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zoluvo ezikrelekrele ukujonga elona xesha lokwenyani{0}}isimo sokusebenza sezinto ezibalulekileyo, kubandakanywa ukuhamba kwamanzi okupholisa, ubushushu, ukunxitywa kwe-electrode, kunye nomthwalo we-servo motor. Ngokusebenzisa i-edge computing kunye ne-algorithms ye-AI, ukusilela okunokwenzeka kunokuqikelelwa kwaye kufakwe iflegi kwangaphambili, okubangela uLondolozo oluQhelekileyo endaweni yokulungiswa okusebenzayo.
• UYilo oluNgafunekiyo kunye neModyuli yoNikezo lwaMandla: Amandla abalulekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokulawula kufuneka zifake u-redundancy ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo inokuqhubeka nokusebenza, nangona kwimodi ephantsi, ukuba imodyuli enye iyahluleka. Iinkqubo zokupholisa amanzi eziphuculweyo zikwabalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukupholisa okusebenzayo kwe-welding transformer kunye ne-electrode, ukwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo.

Ukuveliswa kweemoto zanamhlanje kuqhuba imveliso eguquguqukayo, apho umgca omnye unokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ukuvelisa iimodeli ezahlukeneyo kunye nokucwangciswa kweendawo zemoto.

• Ukudityaniswa kweRobhothi ephezulu: Indawo yokusebenzela kufuneka ikwazi ukudibanela ngaphandle komthungo kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lweerobhothi zesiqhelo (ezifana ne-ABB, KUKA, FANUC), ivumela imisebenzi entsonkothileyo efana nokulayisha/ukukhulula okuzenzekelayo, ukumisa okuzenzekelayo, kunye nerobhothi{0}}ebambe umpu welding.
• Ukukwazi ukwenza izinto eziguquguqukayo: Indawo yokusebenzela kufuneka ikwazi ukuziqhelanisa ngokukhawuleza nomxube ophezulu-, uphantsi{1}}umlinganiselo wemveliso yevolumu, ukutshintsha imodeli yemveliso ngoqwalaselo lwesoftware kunokutshintshwa kwehardware.

• IiNkqubo zeSikhokelo sombono we-3D: Kwizixhobo zokusebenza ezinejiyometri ezintsonkothileyo okanye ukutenxa kwindibano, iinkqubo zombono we-3D zisetyenziselwa ukuskena okuchanekileyo kunye nokuqondwa. Irobhothi ilungelelanisa indlela yewelding kunye nendawo ngexesha lokwenyani{2}}ngokusekwe kwingxelo ebonwayo, ukuzuza "weld{3}}njengoko{4}}ukhetha{5}}ukusebenza, nto leyo ephucula ngokubonakalayo ukuzenzekelayo kunye nokuguquguquka.
• Digital Twin Technology: Ukuseka imodeli yedijithali yendawo yokusebenzela ye-welding kwindawo ebonakalayo ivumela ukulinganisa inkqubo, ukufumanisa ukungqubana, kunye nokuphucula inkqubo. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu umjikelo wophuhliso lweenkqubo zokuwelda imveliso entsha kwaye kwenza uqinisekiso olukhawulezileyo lokwenzeka kwenguquko eguquguqukayo.

Njengemveliso- yokhuseleko oluphezulu, zonke iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zokwenziwa kwemveliso yeemoto kufuneka zibe nazoukulandelekaukujongana nomgangatho wokukhumbula kunye nokumiselwa kwetyala.

• Lokwenyani-Ixesha eligcweleyo lokuFumana iParamitha: Indawo yokusebenzela kufuneka ikwazi ukufumana kunye nokurekhoda idatha yenkqubo epheleleyo kuyo yonke indawo ye-weld kwi-millisecond frequency (umzekelo, i-1ms yesampuli yesantya), kubandakanywa iifom zamaza zangoku, i-voltage, i-curves yoxinzelelo, kunye nokususwa kwe-electrode.
• Inkqubo-yeNqanaba lokuDityaniswa kweDatha: Idatha ye-Welding kufuneka idluliselwe ngexesha lokwenyani nge-interfaces ezisemgangathweni (ezifana ne-OPC UA okanye i-MQTT) kwi-Factory's Manufacturing Execution System (MES) okanye i-Quality Management System (QMS), yenze i-archive epheleleyo yomgangatho we-elektroniki.

• I-Edge Computing kunye neDatha kwangaphambili{0}}ukusetyenzwa: Ukudibanisa imodyuli ephethe ikhompuyutha kwisilawuli sendawo yokusebenza ivumela uhlalutyo lokwenyani-lwexesha kunye -nolungiso lwangaphambili lwedatha enkulu ye-welding ekrwada, ukutsalwa kwamaxabiso aphambili (umzekelo, incopho yangoku, ixesha lokwenziwa kwe-weld nugget). Oku kunciphisa umthwalo wokucubungula idatha kwinkqubo ye-MES.
• Cloud{0}Esekwe kuMgangatho wokuTraceability Platform: Ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji yamafu ukuseka i-scalable welding data lake. Ngokufaka iNombolo yeSichongi seVehicle (VIN) okanye inombolo yebhetshi yecandelo, abasebenzisi banokukhawuleza balandele iiparitha ezineenkcukacha, ixesha le-welding, umqhubi, kunye nebhetshi ye-electrode esetyenziselwa zonke iindawo ze-weld kuloo nxalenye, ukufezekisa ukulandelwa komgangatho wobomi obugcweleyo ukusuka kwizinto eziluhlaza ukuya ekuhanjisweni kwesithuthi sokugqibela.

Ukuqukumbela

Iimfuno zeshishini leemoto kwiprojection ye-welding workstations ziye zavela ngaphaya kokulula "kwesakhono se-weld" ukugxila "kuchaneko oluphezulu,{0}}lokubhetyebhetye oluphezulu, kunye nokuthembeka okukrelekrele." Izitishi zokusebenzela ezihlangabezana nezi mfuno zingqongqo zintsonkothile, iinkqubo ezikrelekrele ezidibanisa ubugcisa obuphambili obufana nemithombo yamandla yeMFDC, ulawulo lwe-servo, umbono we-3D, uLondolozo lokuQikelela, kunye ne-Intanethi ye-Industrial yeZinto (IIoT).

Kubavelisi beemoto, ukukhetha kunye nokusasaza iindawo zokusebenzela zokuwelda ezinezi zisombululo zobulumko ayisiyonto ifunekayo kuphela ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wemveliso kodwa sisicwangciso esingundoqo sokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ukuqonda ukwenziwa kwezinto ngobuchule, kunye nokugcina ukukhuphisana kwemarike. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuhambela phambili, indawo yokusebenzela ye-welding iya kuhlala "inguMlondolozi woMgangatho" kwimveliso yeemoto, ukukhusela ukhuseleko lwezithuthi kunye nomgangatho.

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