Kwimimandla eguqukayo ngokukhawuleza yeZithuthi zaMandla amatsha, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla, kunye{0}}nokuhanjiswa kwamandla ombane aphezulu, umgangatho woqhagamshelo lwebhasi yebhasi ngumgca wobomi kuyo yonke inkqubo yothumelo lombane. Njengoko ishishini lifuna utshintsho ukusuka nje "ekwenzeni unxibelelwano" ukuya ekuqinisekiseni "ubomi obude, ilahleko ephantsi, kunye neziphene eziziro," iMedium Frequency Direct Current Inverter.Spot Welderiye yavela njengesisombululo esisemgangathweni kushishino-. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenzisa amandla ayo ngokwenyani, ukuqonda okunzulu kwefiziksi esisiseko kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo kubalulekile.
Esi sikhokelo sibonelela nge-ucazululo olunzulu lwe-MFDC yobuchwephesha kwi-copper busbar welding, igquma i-thermal fiziksi, iiparamitha zenkqubo epheleleyo, ukudibanisa imathiriyeli eyahlukileyo, kunye{1}}nokusombulula ingxaki kwindawo.
IFiziksi enguNdoqo: Kutheni iCopper Busbar Welding ifuna iMFDC?
Ubhedu lunikeza umngeni okhethekileyo kwi-welding yokumelana ngenxa ye-conductivity ephezulu kakhulu ye-thermal (malunga ne-$ 400 W / (m\\cdot K) $) kunye ne-conductivity yombane. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukushisa okwenziwa ngexesha le-welding kutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwizinto ezijikelezayo kunye ne-electrodes, okwenza kube nzima ukwenza i-weld nugget ezinzileyo.
NgokoMthetho kaJoule, i-$ Q=I^2Rt $, isizukulwana sobushushu sixhomekeke kakhulu ekuxhathiseni uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwezinto zokusebenza, njengoko ukuchasana ngobuninzi ($ R $) kobhedu kuphantsi kakhulu.
Iiwelder ze-AC zeSintu (50/60Hz) zinengxaki yoguquko lwangoku kunye no-zero{2}}indawo zokunqumla, ezidala ukuphazamiseka kobushushu okwethutyana. Ngobhedu olusebenza kakhulu, oku nqumama kufutshane kuvumela ubushushu ukuba bubaleke, nto leyo ekholisa ukukhokelela kumbane ongaphezulu kodwa i-weld nugget engaphelelanga okanye "ebandayo" (eyaziwa ngokuba yi "shunted weld").
I-MFDC welder iyayoyisa oku ngokujikela langoku ukuya kumaza aphezulu (ngokuqhelekileyo i-1000Hz) kwaye ikhuphe kufutshane -i-DC ripple egqibeleleyo{2}ifomu yamaza yasimahla. Eli galelo lizinzileyo, eliqhubekayo lamandla liqinisekisa:
- Ibhalansi yoBushushu ekhawulezileyo: Ubuninzi be-frequency ephezulu ivumela i-millisecond{0}}ulawulo lwenqanaba, ivelise ubushushu obaneleyo ukwenza i-nugget phambi kokuba usasazo lwe-thermal luchithe amandla.
- I-Nugget Formation ehambelanayo: I-DC egudileyo yangoku igcina ubushushu be-pool etyhidiweyo, ukunciphisa ukugxothwa (i-spatter) kunye nokuqinisekisa iyunifomu, i-weld enzulu.
- INdawo eNcitshisiweyo yoBubushushu obuNcincisiweyo (i-HAZ): Amandla agxininiswe kakhulu kwi-weld interface, ebalulekileyo kwiipakethi zebhetri ze-NEV apho ubushushu obugqithisileyo bungonakalisa iiseli ezikufutshane okanye ukugquma.
Ulawulo lweNkqubo ePheleleyo: Ukulawula ukulandelelana kweWelding
Ukuzuza{0}umgangatho ophezulu we weld yebhasi yebhasi kufuna okungaphezulu nje kokuseta yangoku; ibandakanya inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo, -inqanaba elininzi.
1. Ngaphambi{1}}uLungiso lweWeld Surface: Inyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo
Imiphezulu yobhedu ngokukhawuleza yenza umaleko we-oxide kunye nokumelana okuphezulu. Ukuwelda kulo maleko kukhokelela kwisizukulwana sobushushu esingazinzanga kunye nesitshizi esigqithisileyo.
- Ukucoca ngoomatshini: Sebenzisa ibrashi yocingo okanye ibrashi ecolekileyo ukususa umaleko weoksidi, ujonge uburhabaxa bomphezulu ($Ra$) obumalunga ne-$1.6\\mu m$.
- I-Chemical Degreasing: Coca indawo ye-welding kunye ne-alcohol ye-industrial okanye i-acetone ukususa ioli kunye nokungcola okunokuthi kubangele i-carbonize kwaye kubangele i-porosity kwi-weld.
2. Izicwangciso ezicetyiswayo zeParameter (Umzekelo: 3mm{2}}mm iCopper esulungekileyo)
Umgaqo-jikelele we-welding yobhedu "OkuPhezulu kwangoku, ixesha elifutshane, amandla aphezulu."
| Inkqubo yenqanaba | Ipharamitha | Uluhlu olucetyiswayo | Umsebenzi kunye nengqiqo |
| Cwitsa |
I-Electrode Force (Uxinzelelo) |
3.5 - 5.5 kN | Uqinisekisa unxibelelwano olusondeleyo kwaye uzinzise ukuxhathisa uqhagamshelwano lokuqala. |
| Weld | I-Welding yangoku (I) | 18 - 25 kA | Umgangatho ophezulu uyimfuneko ukuze unqobe ubhedu obuphezulu be-thermal conductivity. |
| Weld | Ixesha lokutshisa (t) | 150 - 300 ms | Igcinwe imfutshane ukunciphisa ilahleko yobushushu; idla ngokunikezelwa kwii-2-3 pulses. |
| Bamba | Bamba ixesha (Uxinzelelo) | 100 - 200 ms | Ukugcina uxinzelelo ngexesha lokuqiniswa kwe-nugget ukukhusela i-shrinkage voids kunye nokuqhekeka. |
3. Ulawulo lwe-Electrode
- Izinto eziphathekayo: Iklasi 2 (CuCrZr) okanye iClass 3 (CuBe2) isemgangathweni. Kwiibhasi zebhasi ezishinyene kakhulu, iintsimbi eziphikisayo ezifana neTungsten okanye iMolybdenum ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziselwa ukonyusa ukuxhathisa koqhagamshelwano kunye nokugxila kubushushu.
- Ijometri: Incam yeradiyasi enkulu (umzekelo, i-R50{4}}i-R100 yedome okanye i-cone ecutheziweyo enobuso obucaba) iyakhethwa ukulawula uxinano lwangoku kunye nokunciphisa ukujulwa.
I-Welding yezinto ezingafaniyo: Izicelo eziPhezulu ze-NEV
Abashiseli be-MFDC bagqwesa kwiimeko ezinzima zokujoyina ezixhaphakileyo kwimveliso yebhetri ye-NEV:
- Ubhedu + Aluminiyam:Oku kulucelomngeni kakhulu ngenxa yokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza kweMichiza ye-Intermetallic Compounds (IMCs). Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-MFDC luvumela i-weld elawulwayo ethintela ukutyeba kwe-IMC kwi-micrometers ezimbalwa, iqinisekisa amandla oomatshini kunye nokusebenza kombane.
- Ubhedu + Nickel/Stainless Steel:Kuba iNickel kunye neStainless Steel zinokuxhathisa okuphezulu kunobhedu, ibhalansi yobushushu ngokwendalo iyatshintshela kwimathiriyeli ephezulu yokuchasa-. Isisombululo sibandakanya ukusebenzisa i-Electrodes engafaniyo: i-electrode ephezulu - yokumelana (umzekelo, i-Molybdenum) kwicala lobhedu kunye ne-electrode eqhelekileyo ye-CuCrZr kwicala le-nickel ukulinganisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuveliswa kobushushu.
UVavanyo loMgangatho kunye neMigangatho yoShishino
Umgangatho we-weld kufuneka ungqinwe kusetyenziswa iindlela zokuvavanya ezonakalisayo kunye{0}}nezingonakalisi, zihlala zibhekisa kwimigangatho engqongqo efana ne-IPC{1}}A{3}}610 (Ukwamkeleka kwee-Electronic Assemblies) kunye nemigangatho yemoto efana ne-QC/T 413.
| Assessment Metric | Imfuneko esemgangathweni | Ukusebenza kweMFDC |
| Amandla oomatshini | Uvavanyo lwePeel: Idayamitha yeNugget ($D$) $\\ge 5\\sqrt{t}$ | Ukuhambelana okuphezulu; coca "iqhosha" tsala{0}}ngaphandle kwendlela yokusilela. |
| Ukusebenza koMbane | Uvavanyo lokuNyusa ubushushu (Ireyithwe ngoku) | Iqondo lobushushu boQhagamshelwano liyenyuka $\\le 5^\\circ C$ ngaphezu kobushushu bebar yebhasi. |
|
Okubonakalayo/kuMda |
Ubunzulu be-Indent | Kufuneka ibe yi-$< 15%$ of the thinnest sheet thickness. |
| Isinyithi | Ulwakhiwo lweNugget | Ubume obufanayo beenkozo; ubuncinci okanye ukuqhekeka okuncinci. |
Kwi-Ulungiso lweNgxaki kwiNdawo: IsiKhokelo esiSebenzayo kwiMiba eqhelekileyo
Nokuba kukho izixhobo ezifanelekileyo, ukuguquguquka kwenkqubo kunokukhokelela kwiziphene. Nantsi itafile esebenzayo yeenjineli zangaphandle:
| Isiphene Sijongiwe | Uhlalutyo lweMbangela | Isisombululo Esisebenzayo |
| Electrode Sticking / Adhesion | Ukupholisa okungonelanga okanye ukuxinana kwangoku ngokugqithisileyo. | Increase cooling water flow rate (target $>6L/min$); sebenzisa idayamitha yobuso be-electrode enkulu. |
| I-Spatter egqithisileyo / ukugxothwa |
Ukungonelanga kwamandla e-electrode (uxinzelelo) okanye ukudibana komphezulu ongalunganga. |
Yandisa ukucudisa/Phambi{0}uMkhosi weWeld; qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zokusebenza zisicaba kwaye zicocekile. |
| Ibala elimnyama/elitshisiweyo leWeld | I-oxidation yomhlaba okanye ixesha eligqithisiweyo le-weld. | Phucula{0}ukucoca intsimbi yangaphambili; sebenzisa ixesha elincinci le-weld kunye neepulses ezininzi; qwalasela ukukhusela igesi engasebenziyo. |
| Amandla eWeld angahambelaniyo | Ukunganyangeki koqhagamshelwano ngenxa yokunxiba kwe-electrode. | Ukuphumeza ishedyuli engqongqo yokugqoka i-electrode (ukubuyisela kwakhona) kunye nokutshintshwa. |
Ukuqukumbela
Ukusebenza kweUkuwelda indawo ye-MFDCkuba iibhasi zobhedu azikho umda nje; imele utshintsho olusisiseko kubuchule bokuvelisa. Isombulula imingeni engokwemvelo ye-copper conductivity ephezulu, ukuhambisa i-weld ephezulu kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu (ngokuqhelekileyo i-99.9% + isivuno), ukugcinwa kwamandla okubalulekileyo (ukuya kwi-30% yokunciphisa xa kuthelekiswa ne-AC), kunye nokulandelwa kwenkqubo epheleleyo.
Kwiinjineli kwi-NEV kunye namashishini anamandla, ukwamkela i-MFDC ubuchwepheshe ayisenanto yokuzikhethela-yinto efunekayo ukuze kuphunyezwe -ivoltage, ephezulu{2}}uqhagamshelo oluthembekileyo olufunwa ziinkqubo zangoku.
