Isiguquli esiPhakathi seFrequency Direct Current (MFDC)oomatshini bokuwelda amabalazibe zizixhobo ezingundoqo kwimveliso yangoku, ingakumbi kumacandelo{0} anemfuno ephezulu efana neemoto, i-aerospace, kunye ne-electronics echanekileyo, ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu, ukonga amandla, kunye nesakhono sokulawula esichanekileyo.
Ezi zixhobo zisebenza ngokuphindaphindiweyo phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-4 kHz, ivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-welding yangoku ngaphakathi kwe-±1%, ebonelela ngesiseko esiluqilima sobuchwephesha-somgangatho ophezulu we-welding 1. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhaphaza ngokupheleleyo amandla abo kunye nokuphumeza imveliso "ye-zero{5}}yesiphene", inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo kunye ne-multi-imilinganiselo yenkqubo yokuqinisekisa umgangatho kufuneka isungulwe.
Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweParameters ye-Welding Three Core
Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweparameter lilitye lembombo lokuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu we-welding. Kwi-MFDC i-welders spot, i-welding current, ixesha le-welding, kunye ne-electrode force zizinto ezintathu eziphambili ezimisela umgangatho wokwenziwa kwe-weld nugget. Ezi zinto zintathu zidibeneyo zichaphazela igalelo lobushushu kunye nokuguqulwa kweplastiki ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding, ekugqibeleni imisela ubungakanani kunye namandla omatshini we-weld nugget.
Kwimveliso ebonakalayo, useto lweparameter kufuneka lulungiswe ngokucokisekileyo ngokohlobo lwemathiriyeli, ubukhulu, kunye nemeko yomphezulu. Ngokomzekelo, ngokusekelwe kwiingcebiso ezivela kwimigangatho ye-American Welding Society (AWS), uluhlu lweeparitha ze-welding zihluka kakhulu kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zezinto, njengoko kuboniswe kwitheyibhile engezantsi:
| Uhlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo | Ukutyeba kwezinto (mm) |
IWelding yangoku (A) |
Ixesha lokuwelda (ms) | Amandla e-Electrode (kN) |
| Intsimbi yeCarbon ephantsi | 1.0 + 1.0 | 8,000 - 10,000 | 160 - 200 | 2.2 - 2.5 |
| Intsimbi eGalvanized | 1.5 + 1.5 | 10,000 - 13,000 | 240 - 300 | 3.0 - 3.5 |
| Ingxubevange yeAluminiyam | 2.0 + 2.0 | 25,000 - 35,000 | 20-50 | 4.0 - 5.0 |
Inkqubo yolawulo lwedijithali ye-MFDC i-welders spot ibonelela nge-interface enembile yokulungiswa kweparameter. Amashishini kufuneka asebenzise olu ncedo ngokuseka isiseko sedatha yenkqubo ye-welding elungiselelwe iimveliso ezithile kunye nendibaniselwano yemathiriyeli. Oku kuvumela ukuzimisela kwefestile ye-welding efanelekileyo kunye noluhlu oluphezulu lokunyamezela, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukuchasana kwenkqubo yokuvelisa kwizinto eziphazamisayo zangaphandle.
Ukulawulwa koMgangatho weMisebenzi kuMthombo
Imeko yokuqala ye-workpiece yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela umgangatho we-welding. Umgaqo othi "udoti ngaphakathi, udoti ngaphandle" uyasebenza ngokulinganayo kwinkqubo ye-welding kwimveliso.
Into yokuqala eqwalaselwayo kukucoceka komphezulu. Ioyile, irust, oxide layers, okanye ezinye izinto ezingcolisayo kumphezulu womsebenzi wonyusa kakhulu ukuxhathisa koqhagamshelwano, okukhokelela ekusasazweni okungalinganiyo kwangoku kunye nokubaleka kwe-thermal, okunokubangela lula i-welds ezibandayo, ukutshisa -ngokuphuma, kunye nokugxothwa kakhulu. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba kwishishini leemoto, izinga lokwenzeka kokugxothwa linokuba liphezulu kwi-60%, kwaye lihambelana ngokusondeleyo nokucoceka kwendawo yokusebenza 4. Ngoko ke, ukucocwa ngokucokisekileyo kwendawo yokusebenza kunyanzelekile ngaphambi kokusebenza kwe-welding.
Uqwalaselo lwesibini luyilo loqikelelo kunye nenxalenye yokulingana{0} phezulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-welding eqikelelweyo, uyilo lwejometri yoqikelelo lubalulekile. Amava oshishino acebisa ukuba ubude bentelekelelo kufuneka buyilwe ukuba bube yi-1.2 ukuya kwi-1.5 ukuphinda-phinda ubukhulu beshiti, kwaye idiameter yayo kufuneka ihambelane ngokuchanekileyo namandla e-electrode emiselweyo ukuqinisekisa ukudibana okufanelekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokubumba. Ngaphaya koko, umsantsa ofanelekileyo{6}}ophakathi kwamalungu kufuneka ulawulwe ngokungqongqo, njengoko izikhewu ezigqithisileyo zingunobangela oqhelekileyo wokushukuma kwangoku kunye nokungonelanga kokuqina kweweld.
01
I-electrode, njengenxalenye ephambili yokuhambisa i-welding current kunye ne-force, inemeko echaza ngokuthe ngqo ukuzinza kunye nokugxininiswa kokudluliselwa kwamandla.
Ii-Electrodes ziyaphela phantsi-ixesha elide eliphezulu{1}}impembelelo yangoku kunye nephezulu{2}}noxinzelelo, ekhokelela ekwandeni kwendawo yoqhagamshelwano kunye nokuncipha okuhambelanayo kuxinaniso lwangoku. Ngoko ke, ukugqoka rhoqo kwe-electrode okanye ukutshintshwa ngumlinganiselo oyimfuneko wokugcina umgangatho we-welding. Ishedyuli ecacileyo yokugcinwa kwe-electrode kufuneka isekwe, njengokugqoka i-electrode tip emva kwe-welds nganye engama-500 ukuya kwi-1,000, ukugcina imilo yejometri echanekileyo kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu.
02
Ukusebenza kokupholisa i-electrode kubalulekile kubomi be-electrode kunye nokuzinza kwe-welding. Abashiseli bamabala e-MFDC badla ngokuxhotyiswa ngeenkqubo zokupholisa amanzi ngenkani, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhamba kwamanzi okupholisa kwanele (imigangatho yoshishino idla ngokufuna ukungabikho ngaphantsi kwe-60 L/min) kwaye ubushushu bamanzi buzinzile.
Uphando oluvela kwi-TWI enegunya (I-Welding Institute) igxininisa ukuba ukupholisa okusebenzayo kunciphisa kakhulu ukuguga kwe-electrode kwaye kwandise ubomi bayo benkonzo, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa{0}}ukungaguquguquki kwexesha elide lomgangatho wokuwelda.
UkuJonga okuSmart kunye ne-AI{0}}Uncedo oluvaliweyo{1}}Ulawulo lwe-Loop
Ukwaziswa kobuchule bokubeka iliso obukrelekrele kunye nobukrelekrele beArtificial Intelligence (AI) yeyona nto iphambili yokuphuhlisa imveliso "zero{0}}yesiphene" kumgangatho wokuwelda.
Iindlela zokulawula umgangatho wemveli zithembele kuvavanyo olutshabalalisayo olungaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi, olungasebenzi kakuhle kwaye alukwazi ukufikelela kwi-100% yokuhlola. Iiwelder zale mihla ze-MFDC zidibanisa ulwazi oluphambili kunye nolawulo lwetekhnoloji ukuphumeza{2}}ixesha lokwenyani lokujongwa kwenkqubo yewelding.
Ngokuphezulu-ukufunyanwa rhoqo kweesampulu zedatha ezifana nezangoku, amandla ombane, amandla, kunye ne-electrode displacement ngexesha lenkqubo yokuwelda, igophe eliguquguqukayo lokuxhathisa{1}}i-"ECG" yeweld nganye{2}}inokucwangciswa{3}}ngexesha lokwenyani. Eli jiko libonisa yonke inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-weld nugget, ukukhula, kunye nokuqina. Nakuphi na ukuguquguquka okungaqhelekanga kunokusebenza njengophawu lwesilumkiso kwangethuba kwimiba enokubakho yobulunga.
Ngaphaya koko, ukusika-ubugcisa obufana neDigital Twins buyasetyenziswa kulawulo lobulunga bokuwelda. Ngokwakha imodeli yenyani yenkqubo yokuwelda, kuyenzeka ukulinganisa kwaye uqikelele iziphumo ze-welding phantsi kodityaniso lweparameter ezahlukeneyo, ukwenza uxilongo lwexesha lokwenyani{2}}nongenelelo olukhawulezileyo kumgangatho wokuwelda, ekugqibeleni lufezekiseke "luvaliwe{3}}lolawulo lwelophu" yenkqubo.
Ukuthotyelwa kweMigangatho kunye nokuSekwa kweDatha{0}Inkqubo yoHlolo oluqhutywayo
Ukuthotyelwa okungqongqo kwimigangatho yoshishino sisiseko sokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa komgangatho wemveliso. Imigangatho eyaziwayo kumazwe ngamazwe ibandakanya i-AWS D8.1M (yentsimbi) kunye ne-AWS D8.2M (ye-aluminiyam), kunye ne-UK's BS1140: 1993, ebonelela ngesikhokelo sezenzululwazi sokucaciswa kwenkqubo ye-welding kunye nokuhlolwa komgangatho.
Amashishini kufuneka aseke idatha yangaphakathi{0}}inkqubo yokuhlola umgangatho equka:
UHlolo oluBonakalayo:
Ukujonga indawo ye weld spot iziphene ezinkulu ezinje ngeentanda, ukutshisa{0}} ngapha, okanye ukuhlehla kakhulu.
Uvavanyo olonakalisayo:
Ukuqhuba rhoqo uvavanyo lwe-tensile{0}}lokucheba okanye uvavanyo lokuxobula ukuqinisekisa awona mandla okwenene kunye nemowudi yokusilela kwe-weld (eyona ndlela yokusilela kukukhupha).
Alulo-uVavanyo oluLonakalisayo (NDT):
Kumacandelo abalulekileyo, iindlela ezingonakalisi{0}ezinje ngovavanyo lwe-ultrasonic okanye i-X-ireyi ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-100% yokuhlola umgangatho wangaphakathi we-weld.
Ukudibanisa idatha yokuhlola kunye nedatha yokwenyani yokubeka iliso{0}}yexesha ukusuka kwinkqubo ye-welding ivumela ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwenkqubo ye-welding, ngaloo ndlela iphucula uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka komgangatho we-welding.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukuqinisekiswa komgangatho we-MFDC inverteramabala abawelderngumsebenzi wobunjineli wenkqubo entsonkothileyo obandakanya izigaba ezininzi: ulawulo lweparameter, ukulungiswa kwesixhobo sokusebenza, ukugcinwa kwezixhobo, ukubeka iliso ngobuchule, kunye nokubambelela kwimigangatho. Ngokudibanisa inkqubo yolawulo olungqongqo kunye nobuchwepheshe obukrelekrele obuphambili, amashishini emveliso anokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho we-welding, afezekise imveliso esebenzayo nethembekileyo, kunye nokugcina umda wokukhuphisana kwimarike.
